Diet for pancreatitis is a major factor in successful treatment, therefore, adhering to dietary restrictions can lead a fulfilling life and reduce the likelihood of relapse.
Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreatic tissue, which is accompanied by impaired secretion of digestive enzymes, severe pain, changes in stool and vomiting. This results in a pathological metabolic disorder and can be caused by diabetes mellitus. The main factors associated with pancreatitis are: overeating, abuse of fatty foods and alcohol.
It is necessary to follow a diet for pancreatitis for a long time. Acute inflammation requires restricting the diet for 6-9 months, and in chronic pancreatitis, dieting is adhered to for several years or a lifetime.
Power features
The types of approaches to prescribing a diet for pancreatitis depend on whether the inflammation is acute or chronic. Doctors note the positive effect of diet on pancreatitis. It allows you to quickly overcome acute inflammation, avoid complications, and extend the period of remission in a chronic process.
Features of the diet:
- Within 2-3 days after an acute attack of pancreatitis, you must refuse food completely. Thus, the pancreas is provided with rest. Therapeutic fasting involves the use of liquid in the form of non-carbonated alkaline mineral waters, weak brewed tea or rosehip infusion, one glass 5-6 times a day.
- On the fourth day after the onset of therapeutic fasting, the gradual introduction of solid foods into the diet begins. These are usually low-calorie meals without salt, which gradually increase the secretion of gastric juice.
- With pancreatitis, the way you prepare food is important. Steam cooking is recommended, since food prepared in this way retains all the essential substances and does not harm the digestive tract.
- Food should not be chilled or hot, the optimum temperature is close to body temperature. In this case, the food should be grated or semi-liquid.
- Diet for pancreatitis limits food consumption even diet. They eat small portions at least five times during the day.
The diet does not include foods:
- fatty;
- fried;
- hot sauces and spices;
- sour juices;
- canned foods, pickles;
- smoked meats;
- confectionery;
- cocoa, chocolate;
- alcohol.
The energy value of such food should be at the level of 2500 kcal.
The disadvantage of such a diet is an acute shortage of raw plant foods. Some components need to be compensated by taking complex vitamins and food supplements.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
Diet is an integral part of therapy in the treatment of pancreatitis. During aggravation, an attack is accompanied by severe stomach pain and loss of appetite, therefore, the first few days of medical fasting do not cause suffering to the patient.
Moreover, low-calorie diet foods are gradually being introduced into the diet. It can be dried uncooked bread, berry fruit drinks and jelly, viscous decoctions of oatmeal and rice, liquid mashed potatoes without oil. At this time, it is recommended to exclude products that contribute to gas formation.
On the 6-7th day, protein dishes are gradually introduced: steamed meat, mashed potatoes or puddings from vegetables, steam protein omelet.
It should be noted that the diet requires long-term adherence to dietary restrictions. For 6-9 months, you need to strictly follow its rules and monitor your diet daily.
The course of the disease can have certain characteristics, so the gastroenterologist and nutritionist are in the process of devising a diet. The specialists of this profile determine what can be eaten on a diet for pancreatitis for each individual patient, taking into account the comorbidities.
After your acute period of relapse, you can significantly diversify your menu with simple and healthy products. It should be noted that the number of meals should be at least four, and the volume of the liquid is about 1. 5 liters per day.
Sample menu:
- Breakfast: semolina porridge (rice) boiled in water; Apple; weak brewed green tea with one tablespoon of honey.
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken breast cutlets; carrot puree; decoction of rosehip berries.
- Lunch: vegetable broth with beef or fish; mash; white bread crouton; baked apple without the skin.
- Afternoon snack: low-fat cottage cheese; green tea with a tablespoon of honey.
- Dinner>: steamed protein omelet from three chicken eggs; mashed potatoes from diet vegetables; white bread crouton.
- Before you go to bed: curdled milk.
With diet, there is significant relief of the symptoms and treatment of pancreatitis. Such nutrition overwhelms the pancreas and gradually normalizes its function. The well-being of the patient will depend on how strictly he adheres to the diet. Any disturbance in the diet is immediately manifested in the digestive function.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis often develops against the background of an acute condition, but it can also occur as a primary disease in cases where it is a complex of other diseases.
Diet and treatment for pancreatitis are two inseparable concepts. Even during remission, dietary guidelines should be adhered to.
Dietary rules for chronic pancreatitis:
- The calorie content of the food during this period should be equal to daily physical activity.
- The protein content in food is given a lot of attention. Turkey, chicken, rabbit, beef, lean pork and fish are allowed.
- Lamb, fatty pork, goose, duck and game dishes are not allowed in the diet.
- Heat treatment of food does not allow frying, oven baking, stew. Food must be cooked in a double boiler or cooked.
- Cheeses, previously banned at the aggravation stage, are now allowed in small quantities, but it is recommended to replace fermented milk products with milk.
- The diet should include vegetable proteins, which are represented by yesterday's cereals and bread, although it is necessary to take into account that legumes should be completely excluded during a diet with pancreatitis.
- The total amount of carbohydrates should not exceed 350 g per day. They are found in pasta, cereals, honey, preserves and syrups.
Diet menu about chronic pancreatitis:
- Breakfast: cooked rabbit meat; porrige rice.
- Late breakfast: low fat cottage cheese; baked apples without honey.
- Lunch: buckwheat soup; boiled or steamed fish with vegetables; dried fruit compote.
- Afternoon snack: steamed cutlets with vegetable sauce.
- Dinner: veal, unsweetened curd pudding; tae lag.
- Before you go to bed: kefir.
Meals are fractional and in small portions. Food should be served hot at intervals of about three hours.
Salt and spices cause increased secretion of enzymes in the digestive tract, so their amount should be kept as low as possible. In addition, sour, smoked foods, baked goods and sour cream, as well as chocolate, have a similar effect. Sugary foods can cause complications such as diabetes mellitus, so their content in the diet is reduced by 90%.